A cosfobation osi iffiassachit



FQRDING.

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2, 1922.

1 5,405 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

3111x211 Tow W1H1a'm jotdvng ,M:Z I 7 flfl'niflru Beissued July 11,1922.

w. e. onume.

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2. I922.

X 1mm July 11,1922. 15,405.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM G. FOR-DING. 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE FISK RUBBER,COM- PANY, OF CHICOPEE vFALLS, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHU-SETTS.

TIRE.

specification of Reissned Letters Patent. lfieis'sued July 11 1922Original No. 1,401,148, dated December 27, 1921, Serial No. 104,380,filed June 19, 1916. Application for reissue filed March 2, 1922.

T 0 all whom may mmcem Be it known that l, \VILLIAM (l. FonmNo, a.citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Im)rovement in Tires, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to tires for automoniles and the like, and hasfor its main object to provide a tire of improved construction which canbe manufactured. inexpensively and has 'rcat strength and durability.

A further object is to provide an improved cord tire, thatis to say, a.tire the fabric or so-called fabric portion of which is formed fromcords preferably composed of twisted Strands suitably rubberized.

Still further the invention aims to provide a cord tire so constructedthat the individual cords of all layers are of exactly the same tension;wherein the cord fabric is free from circumferential laps or joints,loose ends of cords; and contains no pockets or deposits of air.

A still further object is to provide a novel cord tire constructionwhich may be embodied in tires of any size, that is, into the smallersize tires as well as the larger size;

which can be provided with any desired number of layers of the cord, andwhich can be provided during the process of placing the cord fabric onthe tire-forming core with beads of any desired shapeor size and of andesired material.

lhe above mentioned and additional advantages and objects are attainedby my invention, which may be briefly summarized as consisting incertain novel details of construetion and arrangements of parts which goto make up the tire, as will be described in the specification and forthin the a ppended claims.

A tire constructed in accordance with my invention has a plurality oflayers of cord or equivalent tire-forming material prefer- Serial N0.540,607.

angle to the portions forming the adjacent layer or layers, and theditl'e-rent layers are preferably separated by layers of rubber which aswell as the bead units are placed in position as thetire carcass isbuilt up layer by layer.

l y invention is illustrated in several forms in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure l is a side view of a ortion of a tireembodying the invention, different parts being broken awayto show theseveral layers of the cord fabric and rubber between the cord layers,the tire here shown having tour layers of cord fabric with an extralayer of fabric at the tread; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional viewthrough the same Fig. 3 is a similar view with a modification in theshape and material forming the bead; and Figs. 4 to 10 are transversesectional views through tires made in accordance with my invention,these views illustratin tires of different sizes, or of different nuln rof cord layers, as well as different shapes and sizes of beads.

The tires illustrated in the drawings, and constructed in accordancewith my invention in all its forms include a cord or cord fabric portionformed preferably from cords which are preferably rubberized, and may beformed from twisted strands of fiber. The cords are in the form ofsuperposed layers of which there may be any number and which are formedfrom continuous cords or equivalent tire-forming material which arepassed back and forth across or around the tire to form one layer afterthe other. In fact, my invention has for one of its important advantagesthe fact that it may be embodied in. any size of tire and with anynumber of the superposed layers, without requiring any material changein the apparatus or method by which the tire is constructed.

It will be observed from Fig. 1, wherein portions of the tire are brokenaway so as to illustrate in side elevation the several layers of cord,that the cords of each layer are parallel; that they are arrangedclosely, side by side: that each extends around or' a'cross'the tirefrom one side to the other "diagonally? and that the cords of each layerare at an angle to the cords of the adjacent layer or layers. It willbe. observed also from th s same 'ous action due to rubbing that betweenthe adiacent layers of a layer of rubber which is preferably provided toavoid. or eliminate deleterior friction between adjacent la. are Iwishit to be understood, however, t at the intervening layers of rubberare not essential to my invention,

' and may if desired be omitted.

A further im roved feature of my invention lies in the. actthat thecords of all the layers, regardlessof how many there may be,'are formedfrom the same cords, or from contiuous cords which'extend back and forthfrom 'one side of the tire to the other in unbroken succession. This isrendered 'lpssible by a novel construction and manner of forming thebeads which are in the form of separate sections or units which other,

serve as retainers about which the cords are looped or passed in formingthe superposed layers of cords from the same continuous cords, As will"appear I subsequently, the

number of head sections or units, or cord re-.

tainers which are embodied in the rim portions of the tire at the'tiniethat the superposed layers are formed or applied, depends pon the numberof la ers, there being a bead unit-provided in one rim or rim portionof'the tire for each two layer of cord, and each complete layer beingandhored in each rim portion b being folded about bead units.

An additiona advantage of the cord layers arran ed and formed as statedresides in the fact t at; there are no transverse laps or 'oints, andthis feature or advantage results from the fact that not only are thelayers ,formed by passing the cords back and forth around the tire fromone side thereof to the: butalso from the fact that the layers, in thepreferred construction, are formed from a continuous sheath of cordswhich,

extends entirely around the tire, or completely encompasses the core u nwhich' the tire is formed, this sheath ing formed covering or layerexten' theop layer 2; up the side,

from a suflicient number of separate cords so that when laid side b Iside theyform a ing in unbroken'succession completely around the tire,the cords beingin close contact at the rim portions of the tire. i

In Figs; 1 and 2 I have illustrated a tire A,

' having four layers of cord- (in addition toan extra thickness to bereferred to presentlyL) It will be observed that the'inner layer be 'at,1, passes'over the vperiphery of the tire, down the side, forming theinnermost s'r'o'u'nd the head or head section 3,. over the periphery anddown the opposite side, forming the next layer 4; around the bead orhead section 5, ill]? the adjacent side, over the periphery and down itsside, forming the next layer 6; aroun the head or bead section 7, whichcombined with the head or bead section '3 forms a complete unitary headfor one side along the lines shown and described, for this addedthickness of cord at the tread 7 of thetire then up the side, over theperiphery. and down the opposite side, formm the next layer 8; aroun thehead or bea section 9, which with the bead or beadsection 5 forms theunitar bead for the other side of the tire; and t en up the side, overthe periphery, forming the outermost layer 10 to the point or line 11where the cords terminate; While I do not wish to be confined to thestarting of the innermost layer at or adjacent the point 1, and theending of the outermost layer at or adjacent l1, nevertheless I (preferthat the first and last layers he starts gives an portion which is veryadvantageous. At 12 is shown the rubber tread of the tire, which treadis common with all pneumatic tires andat 13 is shown layers of rubber.which act as an inner covering for the tire and also as separatorsbetween the layers of the cord .fabr1cso as to eliminate friction.Although'the method of forming the tire just described is not claimedhere1n,'but inseparate applications filed June 30, 1916, Serial No.106,759 and June 19, 1916, Serial No. 104,391 itmay forming-machine, thebead section is applied here. i I v The beads or Q n may "e formed of.circumferentiallyjwo cordsor threads, a suflicient number oftu'm's ofwhich will'be 'rovided to lform a bead sections maybe section-or unit oft e desir i i? I i or thelyomay beuforined of or of or of threads asillustrated in Figs. 1-1;; ,2, orbf any other suitable material. f hetire illustrated in Fi' nd'2h a e d, shaped to eorrespon Iordinary-clencher tire. In Fi alh Show" a 18 which is similar in sgectsto thatshown in Fig. 2, except a'sfttjv t e head which is here shown asa Y side bead,' and in this instance the-wins m 125 omitted from thebead sections or units, andthe bead units made of substantiall inextensible material as is customary wi h tires of the straight side class.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown tires C and 150 and ended at or about thepoints or be stated-that as 'each layer of cord is formed on thecore'ofthe tire- 15 about which the sheath of cards is looped form thebeginning of the nextla er sothat forming ,The same 18"" 1 "ly-folda iot9 I that process need not further v,

suitable material. For. "'11 th wireand circumferentlall gwoun i tothat; of

differ from each other simply in the shape and size of the beads, twoforms of elencher heads being shown in the tires E and G, and

a straight side bead being shown in tire F. Ineach of these threeinstances the fabric starts at 14, passes around the periphery, dowuthcside, around the head 15, then back .around and across the tire to theopposite side, and around the bead 16, and then back again over the tireto the point or line 17, where the cords end. p M t In Figs. 9 and 10 Ihave shown at and I two six-layer tires, the tire H having a clencherbead, and the tire I having a straight sided head, the two tires asidefrom the shape of the beads being similar. Y It willbe observed that ineach instance the cords start at 18, pass around the periphery,

down the side, and around the head or head section 19, then back aroundthe tire, down the opposite side and about the head or bead section 20,then back around the tire and about the head section 21, then backaround the tire and about the head section then back around the tire andabout the bead section 23, which with the bead sections 21 and 19 formthe complete head at on side of the tire: then back around the tire andabout adapt the tire forany of the well-known types of rims. It will beunderstood also, that by forming all the layers of the same cords, allthe cords of the seveul layers can be given the same tension at 1 pointsand with the layers formed by passing the sheath of cords back and forthacross the tire and about the bead sections or units, the air is veryeffectively excluded from the structure of the tire, and there are notransverse joints or-laps of fabric, an exceedingly strong and durabletire is produced and what is equally important from a manufacturingstandpoint, it can be produced rapidly, and therefore inexpensively.

While I have explained the preferred forms of my invention, and some ofthe prefelred materials. I do not wish to be con fined to the same. butaim in my claims to cover all modifications which do not involve adeparture from the spirit and scope of my invention in its broadestaspects. Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A open tire or tire shoe having a fabric portion composed oftire-forming material extending in unbroken succession back and forthfrom the rim portion on one side'to the rim portion onthe other side soas to form" a plurality "of layers, said material being in the form ofasheath extending circumferen'tially entirely around the tire and havingits inner and outer ends terminating in the inner and outer layers andseparated by at least one complete layer.

2. An open cord tire or tire shoe havinga fabric composed of a pluralityof layers, said layers consisting of a sheath of cords extendingcircumferentially entirely around the tire and laid back and forthacross the tire, so asto form successive layers, tlie"pojrtions formingeach layer being at an angle to the portions forming the adjacentlayers, said sheath having its inner end in the innermost layerseparated from the outer end by at least one complete layer.

3. An opentire or tire shoe having a fabric body and bead units at therim portion thereof, said fabric body having successive layers formedfrom the same or continuous tire-forming material-"in the form a of asheath of cords whichextend in a diagonal direction around the tire fromone head to the other, and said sheath as a whole extendingcircumferentially entirely around the tire and passed back and forthfrom one side to the other around the bead units so as to form the saidsuccessive layers, the ends of the sheath being located in differentlayers and being separated by at least one complete layer.

4. An open tire or tire shoe having a fabric body and heads at the rimportion thereof, said body being formed from a sheath of tire-formingmaterial which extends circumferentially entirely around the tire, andwhich is passed back and forth, from one side of thetire to theothertoform suc cessively the different superposed layers, the inner endof the sheath beginning at a point or on a line between the two headsand extending under and around a, head at one side of the tire, thenover the first layer thus formed, around the tire to the opposite sidewhere it passes under and around over a head at the opposite side andthen at least part way around the tire, over the sec ond layer.

5. An open tire shoe having a number of head sections at each side and afabric consisting of continuous cord extending in unbroken successionback and forth across the tire and looped around the different beadsections so as to form a plurality of layers comprisi a series of cordlayers and provided wi aseries of bead sections at each side, the. cordbeing formed from a continuous of cords extending in unbroken successionback and forth across the and looped about an individual bead sec- 8T3:tire casing having. a carcass portion a' series of, cord layers and prmp a pluralityof bead sec'tions at side the-cord layers being formed froml sheath of-cords extending in unbroken succession back and forth inreverse foldsacross the tire progressively from the inner to the outerlayer, and enclosing an in- I andbead units at the rim, portion thereo'said fabric body having successive layers lvidual bead 'sectionwithineach reverse magi.

- series of cord layers and prowith a plurality of head sections at eachside, the cord layers being formed from a 88 continuous sheath ofyserate cords substantially under individual y uniform tensions, extendingin unbroken succession back and forth in reverse folds across the tireand en- I closing an individual bead section within! 40 eachreversefold. n

10. A tire casin having a carcass portion comprising I. series'of cordlayers formed from a continuous sheath of separate cords extending inunbroken succession back and forth in reversely laid courses acrossithetire, Lall of said cords being under substantially uniform and balancedtensions.

, "11. A tire casing having a carcass portion comprising a seriesoff'col'd layers formed a continuous. sheath of separate coi'd s' g inunbroken" succession back and forth-in reverse folds across the ti re,and env closing a bead-anchorage within each fold,

all: of saidcords being laid under. and being held by the anchorages incondition of substantially uni-form and balanced tcnsions. A

v 12. A tire casing having a carcass portion comprising aseries of cordlayers formed from: continuous sheath of cords extending of saidcords-being fol ed around a bead e e flqstes m t m he in diiler'entlayers and anchored independtire a carcass portion;

l mos back and forth in reverse folds across the tire, the cords at thetermination of each complete layer being folded outwardly around a beadanchorage. I a f 13. A tire casing having a carcass portion comprising aseries ,of cord layers formed froma continuous sheath of cords'extendingin unbroken succession back and forth in reverse folds across the tireprogressively from theinner to the outer la er, the inner ends '70anchorage and lying within the inner layer, and the outer ends of saidcords being folded if; around a bead anchorage and lying outside i theouter layer. 14. A tire casing having a. fabric body and a series ofbeadunits at each edge of the inner portions thereof, said fabric bodycomrising layers of continuous-,,tire{;ioumingff bric in the form of asheata smndit' cilia;

one side thereof to the other and looped around a bead unit between eachpair of layers the ends of the sheath being located ormh other.

entl .A having a' fabric formed from the 'same'or continuous tireformingmaterial in thef or n'of a sheathof cords which extend in'agdiagonaldirection around thetire from one head to the other, and said sheath asa whole extending circumferentially entirely around the tire and passedback and forth from. one side to the other around successive bead unitsso as to form the said successive layers, the ends of the sheath beinglocated in different layers and being separated by at least. oneconmlete layer.

16. A tire casing having a (ZZtiCtlfiS-POIUOH including a plurality oflayers of, "continuous material of which three or more are reverselfolded back and forth across the tire both ends at each of said threelayers being anchored by being folded completely around a head section:v r v y I '17. A tire casinghaving a carcass portion comprising a seriesof layers of material revcrsely folded back and forth acrossthetireprogressively from the inner to theoutejr layer and enclosing a headsection within each reverse fold, the outer layer terminatin between thebeads to provide an unanchore lll reinforcement for the tread portion. Y

WI LIA G. ronniso.

